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◈ 윤치호일기 (1897년) ◈
◇ 7월 ◇
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1. 7월 1일

2
1st. (3nd of 6th Moon). Thursday. Fine.
 
3
Drought continues. Farmers suffer very much. Several days of good rain will be a great blessing to all. Dire things are predicted should this year be famine-cursed.
4
Messrs Kim No Wan and Han Sei Chiu called on me. The former said that Lady Um is proving herself Queen Min Ⅱ; that she has a controlling influence over the Crown Prince; that the Queen's funeral has been postponed through her machinations in order to keep the King from remarrying; that sorceresses have been able to communicate with the spirit of the Queen, who conjures the King by former love not to burn her yet; that Lady Um has strengthened her position by making a secret alliance with Tai Won Koon; and that His Majesty wants nothing but money.
5
My father's complications with Yi Sung Ook(李承旭) , one of the three special messengers of the King and the gloomy outlook of the country's situation make me exceedingly uneasy.
 
 

2. 7월 2일

7
2nd. Friday. Fine.
 
8
This afternoon received letters from father with his intended memorial to His Majesty explaining why he desires to be relieved of the governorship. The arbitrary and unreasonable proceedings of the special messenger against him constitute the principal reassons.
 
9
Dr. Jaisohn called on me about 8 p.m. Among his remarks what surprised me most were:
10
1. Waeber once told Jaisohn not to insist on the importance of education or the rights of people. The former, said Waeber, makes the people discontented and the latter breeds revolutionary ideas.
11
2. The committee which was some months ago appointed, to systematize the laws and regulations met about 5 times. Through the exertions of Dr. Jaisohn, an attempt was made to curtail the abusive and abusing powers of His Majesty. To this the strongest opponent was General Le Gendre. Brown also helped to break up the scheme.
12
3. Dr. Jaisohn advised Yi Wan Yong, the Foreign Minister, to refuse inviting 150 Russian instructors.
13
4. His Majesty dislikes Waeber, calling him a second Miura etc. When Waeber tried to get the position of the adviser to the Household, the King played the double game of urging Yi Wan Yong not to dismiss General Le Gendre (the present incumbent of the office) and of regretting to Waeber that Americans oppose the dismissal of Le Gendre before the expiration of his term.
 
14
The Doctor complained of the personal sacrifice he has undergone in staying here. He gets $300.00 a month besides lots of other considerations. Did he ever get anything more or as good in Washington?
 
 

3. 7월 3일

16
3rd. Saturday. Fine.
 
17
The dry weather is really oppressive. Bought a pony today for $54.00. In the afternoon went into the Palace. Was fortunate enough to see His Majesty. Told him the difficulties which my father is now in and asked him whether or not I should present the resignation. "Your father has done nothing wrong; why should he be dismissed? I would like to have him removed to another governorship." "Your Majesty" said I, "has shown him great favors already. You had better relieve him from his difficult position." "It is always your ambition to retire and study, but your father doesn't feel that way as yet." replied His Majesty laughing. (너는 늘 어듸 가서 공부  각이라도 네 아비는 아직 그럿치 안토다) . Then the King told me to consult Nam Jung Chol, the Home Minister, as to the best course to be taken in the matter.
18
The old nonsense of praying to mountains and rivers for rain has once more come into use. Stop building useless palaces; stop selling offices; stop squeezing the people-that would be the best prayer for rain.
 
 

4. 7월 4일

20
4th. Sunday. fine.
 
21
Worshipped in Dr. Reid's Chapel in the a.m.
22
Took tiffin at the residence of Mr. Hyon Hung Taik. Messrs. Yi Hak Kiun and Han Kiu Sul were there. Hyon has a nice house in the extreme north of the town. He treated us to a foreign meal. General Han, the Minister of Law, told me that Nam Jung Chol has changed a hundred magistrates within 50 days.
 
 

5. 7월 6일

24
6th. Tuesday. Hot-steamy.
 
25
A very warm day steamy. Visitors all the day.
26
At 8 p.m. rain began by drops to the intense delight of all.
 
 

6. 7월 7일

28
7th. Wednesday. Rainy.
 
29
Refreshing rain all day long.
30
Laura is as bright as a child of her age can be without being extraordinary. Before strangers, she is shy but composed and does what her parents tell her to do.
31
She asks (when in good humor) permission for doing or eating anything.
32
The day before yesterday Nam Jung Chol told me that I need not present my father's resignation as yet. I don't like Nam. He is arrogant and well becomes the government whose leading spirits(evil) are Yi Yun Yong, Yi Chai Soon, Kim Hong Niuk, Min Chong Mook etc.
 
 

7. 7월 8일

34
8th. Thursday. Steamy.
 
35
At 3 p.m. went to the new Union Church, yet unfinished, to witness the commencement exercises of the Pai Chai School. The large auditorium was packed with students and visitors. The diplomatic representatives of America and England were present. Also Corean Ministers of State. Readings or rather recitations in Chinese and Corean histories followed the devotional exercises. A boy recited the Charge of Six Hundred, but the cannons on the right hand, the cannons on the left, the cannons behind and the cannons in front-in fact all the cannons-found very faint expressions of their power in the faltering and small voice of the reciter. An English oration on the Independence of Corea was good. But what was most enjoyed by the audience was the lively debate on the question that the time has come for the oriental states to adopt the occidental civilization. The affirmative side won the debate.
36
Drill exercise and refreshments closed the memorable day to the satisfaction of all.
37
As a first attempt of this sort, the teachers and students of the school are to be heartily congratulated for the success of the day.
 
 

8. 7월 14일

39
14th. Wednesday. Rain.
 
40
From about 9 a.m. it began to rain in pailfuls.
41
The most deep-seated and at the same time the most widespread evil in Korea is lying. One can never trust his neighbor on his words. Contracts mean nothing. The King may issue the most solemn edicts in favor of good government etc. Not a fool in Korea would believe a word of it. I would not risk five cents on the promises of one or all of the ten ministers of state. No matter how kindly I treat my servant, he cheats me on ever possible occasion. A thorough cleaning out of the whole misgovernment, putting into power honest men of real stamp, will save this country. Oh for that day.
42
Yi Wan Yong plays a clever little trick. His brother, Yi Yun Yong, a man who is capable of nothing but meanness, by all sorts of villainies gets money. Yi Wan Yong shares the spoil without soiling his reputation. Through Yi Chai Yon and Jaisohn, he holds the support of the American element in Seoul. His brother, a serpent, sticks close to Kim Hong Niuk and, through Lady Um, to the King. An Kiong Soo and Kwon Chai Hiung look after the Japanese side of Yi Wan Yong's interest so that in case the Russian influence gets defeated, he will have the Japanese arms open to receive him. Yi Wan Yong is so cold-hearted and calculating that I have never succeeded in making an advance on his friendship.
43
The founder of this present inglorious Dynasty was a native of Ham Keung Do. Because the people of this province are more manly and enterprising than those of other places, because he had set them the example of overthrowing a royal family, because he was selfish and short-sighted, he decreed, or one of his immediate successors did, to place Ham Keung Do under political disabilities. Thus the people of that Do have been regarded as "Sang Nom" only fit to be squeezed and flayed by governors and magistrates for five disgraceful centuries. Now it is at the hand of some of the meanest wretches of that Province-wretches whose only merit is a few Russian words picked up in the streets of Vladivostok, at the hand of these dirty rascals that the King suffers all sorts of insults and indignities and impudences.
44
Received letters from father. All well so far.
45
It has been raining fully eight days. Every room in our little house leaks, thanks to the honesty of Sin Mok Soo. No prospect of a near clearing-up, either.
 
 

9. 7월 18일

47
18th. Sunday. Beautiful.
 
48
The rain began to hold up a little yesterday. A welcome change to see the sun again.
49
Worshipped in Dr. Reid's chapel in the a.m.
 
 

10. 7월 19일

51
19th. Monday. Hot.
 
52
In the afternoon went to the Palace. Fortunately, through the kind offices of Yi Hak Kiu, obtained an audience. Told His Majesty that my father would like to stay in the South until cooler season if it were agreeable to the Royal will. The King graciously said, "Tell him to stay there some months yet; then I shall either appoint him to another governorship or call him back."
53
Then His majesty said, "Is Min Yong Huan sleeping? Why doesn't he telegraph me anything? Have you heard anything about his Military uniform being objected to by the English F.O.?" To the last question I answered; "Yes Sir, I have heard that the English Government objected to Min's military uniform, but I can't believe it. For if so, why should he not let your Majesty know? Min Yong Huan is a careful man and he would have let Your Majesty know all about it if there were any difficulty concerning the uniform."
54
I suspect that the Russianites (Kim Hong Niuk, Joo Suk Mion 朱錫冕 etc.) who are opposed to Min Yong Huan and to the change of dress, have invented the story to prejudice His Majesty against Min and foreign costume.
55
Wrote letters to Dr. Allen, Shanghai, one for Yi Chai Sun, the Minister of Household, in Chinese, expressing, on behalf of His Majesty, the King's appreciation of the doctor's book on the Chino-Japanese war.
 
 

11. 7월 22일

57
22nd. Thursday. Rain 24 hours.
 
58
Rain again-heavy and steady. Laura is sick of diarrhoea. Poor thing, she eats nothing to speak of.
 
 

12. 7월 25일

60
25th. Sunday. Rain.
 
61
Heavy rain all the a.m. At 4 p.m. went to the Independence Club. A large number of its prominent members were out. Committees were appointed to arrange for the celebration of the Foundation Day the 16th of the 7th Moon (August 13 '97) .
62
The Club is a farce. It is a conglomeration of indigestible elements. There are Yi Wan Yong and his gang bound for the time being by some sort of mutual interest. Then there are Tai Won Kunites, Russianites, Japanites, royalites and otherites. Each gang groups themselves about here and there and an outsider, like myself, finds himself out of place. Once I thought Yi Chai Yon was my bosom friend, but no. Today I asked him some questions about Min Yong Huan, concerning the rumor that he is coming back, but Yi Chai Yon gave me nothing but evasive answers.
 
 

13. 7월 26일

64
26th. Monday. Rainy.
 
65
In the morning called on Mr. Brown and asked him if there were any truth about Min Yong Haun's getting into trouble in London on account of his uniform. Brown denied it emphatically and assured me that Min had been well received in London, and that he is now on his way to Corea by America.
66
Yi Yun Yong, the thief, in order to curry favor with the King, has devised the devilish system of collecting illegal taxes by appointing 13 revenue farmers.
67
All the principal inns(客主) are to be taxed to the amount of $50,000, to eke out the Royal income. The bother is that to collect this amount, the poor people would have to pay three or four times as much to fill the dirty bellies of Yi Yun Yong and his co-devils.
 
 

14. 7월 28일

69
28th. Wednesday. Fine.
 
70
Another Tai Won Kun episode. The other day the old gentleman had some detectives placed around his residence arrested and gave them a regular old time beating. Then today he went in person to the Police Station and demanded the reasons why three of his adherents have been confined in prison for over a year. He berated the Chief of PoliceMin Yong Kui-for not answering to his summons at once and complained, in strong terms, of the ill treatment which he has received during the past 20 years. Then he went to the Palace, where he stayed about 30 minutes.
71
The most significant part of the affair is that the old man begins to stir again. Almost certain he must have somebody at his back.
 
 

15. 7월 31일

73
31st. Saturday. Fine.
 
74
Yesterday's Gazette announces the transfer of Yi Wan Yong to the Education Department, and of Min Chong Muk to F.O.Min Yong Huan was disgraced (免官) because, according to the Gazette, he is reported to return before his official mission is finished. Am afraid this is the work of the Pro-Russian party.
75
Now that Yi Wan Yong is the Minister of Education, I am further away than ever from the chances of getting the Vice Presidency of that Department.
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